生物多様性の喪失を食い止めるための世界的な取り組みに、投資家は注意を向けるべきだと私たちは考えています。

 

世界的な生物多様性の喪失は、自然に起こる絶滅率の100倍から1,000倍の速さで、つまり人類の歴史上(言い換えれば過去6,600万年で)最も速いスピードで起こっていると推計されています。

 

この生物多様性の喪失は、世界中の食料安全保障や暮らし、健康、生活の質に既に影響を与えており、経済的に見れば、世界のGDPの半分以上が、中程度から重度のリスクにさらされています。

 

本稿は投資家に対し、生物多様性の全体像を紹介しようとするものです。私たちは、今後もアセットマネジャーに関するリサーチを行い、クライアントの皆様の需要に応えていく中で、引き続きこの領域での取り組みを進め、さらに考察を深めて参ります。

 

自然の保全は絶対的な倫理的義務であるということは、宗教と関係のない倫理学者 も宗教の教えも共に認めていますが、それを抜きにしても、人類の今後の行く末は自然を保全できるかどうかと分かちがたく結びついています。例えば、人間の心身の健康は森林や草地など植物のある空間と結びついていること 、人間の身体は細菌をはじめとした微生物に全面的に依存している(私たちの身体の細胞の約半数は人本来の細胞ではない)こと 、人間の身体は酸素の供給を受けるために光合成を行う植物種に全面的に依存していること、そして人間の身体は栄養のためにほぼ全面的に有機物に頼っていることを、私たちは知っています。

 

さらに、私たち人類が自然界の生み出す食料に依存しているだけでなく、これらの食料も、昆虫のような花粉媒介者や、細菌、ミミズ、菌根菌など土壌中に存在する有機体といったさまざまな種に依存しています。

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1 See Wikipedia Biodiversity Loss (11/5/21) at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity_loss.

2 Business for Nature Coalition, 2021, available at https://www.businessfornature.org/.

3 For further reading, see Taylor PW. “The Ethics of Respect for Nature,” Environmental Ethics, Volume 3, Issue 3 (1981), pp. 197–218.

4 Houlden V, Weich S, de Albuquerque JP, Jarvis S, Rees K. “The Relationship Between Greenspace and the Mental Wellbeing of Adults: A Systematic Review,” PLOS One, Volume 13, Issue 9 (2018).

5 Sender R, Fuchs S, Milo R. “Revised Estimates for the Number of Human and Bacteria Cells in the Body,” PLOS Biology , Volume 14, Issue 8 (2016).

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